青海省贫困地区更年期妇女保健状况调查

Investigation on climacteric care among women in poverty-stricken zone of Qinghai province

目的了解贫困地区更年期妇女健康状况,为开展贫困地区更年期妇女保健工作提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取居住在青海省互助县5个乡的485名40～60岁妇女,以问卷形式调查更年期妇女月经史、更年期症状、更年期保健情况及性生活情况。结果更年期症状发生率为87.63%,更年期知晓情况为16.91%,仅有6.39%的妇女曾进行过体检;怀孕次数、分娩次数为更年期保健知识知晓情况的危险因素,OR值分别为1.86,2.31(P<0.05);较高的文化程度、稳定的家庭经济状况、居住环境、家人的关怀为保护因素,OR值为0.45～0.65(P<0.05);有性生活的妇女更年期症状发生率低于无性生活的妇女(P<0.05)。结论贫困地区更年期妇女缺乏更年期保健知识和意识,更年期妇女的健康教育及保健亟需加强。

Objective To investigate the health situation among women in poverty area in order to offer reference basis for carrying out health promotion.Methods A structured questionnaire survey was conducted among 485 women aged 40-60 years selected by randomized cluster sampling in Huzhu county,Qinghai province.The content of questionnaire included general situation,menstruation history,menopausal symptoms,the situation of climacteric care and sexual life.Kupperman＇s index was used to assess the menopausal symptoms.Results The incidence of menopausal syndrome was 87.63%,and 16..% of the women knew about climacteric.Only 6.39% of the women had physical examniation.Numbers of gestation and labour were risk factors for the understanding of climacteric and ORs were 1.86 and 2.31（P〈0.05） respectively.Good education,stable income,residential environment and close family relationship were protective factors and the ORs ranged from 0.45 to 0.65（P〈0.05）.The incidence of menopausal syndrome in women with sexual life was lower than that of women without sexual life.Conclusion Most of women in poverty area lack knowledge and awareness of climacteric care and the health education in mid-life women should be improved.