子宫内膜腺体对妊娠早期胎盘发育的潜在作用

Potential Roles of the Endometrial Glands in Human Placental Development During the First Trimester of Pregnancy

在许多物种中,子宫内膜腺体在调节胎盘发育过程中起重要作用,但在人类,随着胚胎植入的完成其作用几乎被忽略,现重新评价其在妊娠早期的作用。在妊娠早期,甚至妊娠中期的早期,胎盘没有母体血液供应时,子宫内膜腺上皮产生的碳水化合物和富含脂质的分泌物为胎盘提供了重要的营养物质来源,其中含有各种生长因子可以调节胎盘的形态,分泌物中的其他成分亦可以调节母胎界面的免疫反应和滋养细胞的浸润,对维持受精卵的存活和正常胎盘发育非常重要。

Endometrial glands play a key role in regulating placental development in many domestic species, but their contribution in humans has largely been ignored once implantation is complete. Here we re-evaluate their role during the first trimester. In the absence of a maternal arterial supply to the early placenta, it is believed that the carbohydrate-and lipid-rich secretions represent an important source of nutrients during the first trimester, and possibly during the beginning of the second trimester. The secretions also contain a variety of growth factors that may regulate placental morphogenesis. Other components of the secretions may modulate immune responses and trophoblast invasion at the materno-fetal interface, which is important for the survival and normal development of the conceptus.