斑翅肩花蝽对铁杉球蚜的捕食作用

Functional responses of Tetraphleps galchanoides preying on different stages of hemlock woolly adelgid

室内用铁杉球Adelges tsugae Annand(Hemlock woolly adelgids)蚜卵、1～4龄若虫、成虫饲养斑翅肩花蝽Tetraphleps galchanoides Ghauri,研究斑翅肩花蝽对铁杉球蚜Adelges tsugae Annand(Hemlock woolly adelgids)的捕食效应。结果表明,斑翅肩花蝽对铁杉球蚜的捕食功能反应属于HollingⅡ型反应,对球蚜密度的捕食干扰反应可能存在种内的干扰作用。对于同一发育期同一密度猎物,斑翅肩花蝽成虫或若虫在高密度条件下的日均捕食量均显著高于低猎物密度下的日均捕食量;而对于不同发育期不同密度猎物,斑翅肩花蝽在低猎物密度时对测定的铁杉球蚜6个不同虫态无明显选择性;在中、高密度时斑翅肩花蝽对测定的铁杉球蚜的不同虫态表现出明显喜好性差异,若虫最喜好食铁杉球蚜卵和1龄若虫,成虫最喜好食铁杉球蚜4龄若虫和成虫。为评价和利用斑翅肩花蝽对铁杉球蚜防治作用进行了讨论。

Predation by the anthocorid Tetraphleps galchanoides Ghauri on different stages of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, was studied in laboratory. The results showed that the feeding of the adult and nymphal anthocorids corresponded to the Type II Holling functional response model. However, there was intra- interfere response on the adelgids. For the same stage of the anthocorid, there was higher daily predation at higher prey densities than that at lower prey densities. When given a choice of different stages of the prey, there was no significant difference in selection among the prey stages at the lowest prey density; however, there was significant difference when the prey stages were at the middle or high density. At the middle prey density, the anthocorid nymph prefers to feed on the adeligd egg and first instar nymph, whereas the anthocorid adult prefers to feed on the 4th instar nymph and adult. The potential of T. galchanoides for biological control of the hemlock woolly adelgid was discussed.