黄海平流海雾的观测分析

Analysis and Observations for Advective Fog Over the Yellow Sea

利用大量的地面站点观测、卫星监测和非常规观测资料,统计分析了海雾的时空分布特征、卫星云图特征及影响黄海海雾的气象和水文因子。结果表明,黄海海雾随时间和空间而变化,在空间分布上,雾频随着纬度增高而增加;海雾与海上风速的大小和方向有密切关系;海雾出现与海表温度、气-海温差、露点温度有关;海流是影响海雾形成的水文因素之一;海雾是大气处在稳定层状态下的一种凝结现象,有海雾不一定有逆温,但是逆温层的消散却为海雾的消散提供了有利的依据。

Large quantity of observational data from the global surface stations, satellite monitoring, and unconventional observations are used to statistically analyse the sea fog temporal-spacial distributional characteristics, the sea fog satellite cloud picture features, and the meteorological and hydrological factors effecting on the sea fog over the Yellow Sea. As shown in the results, the sea fog has its temporal -spacial variability. In the spacial distribution, the fog frequency becomes increased as the latitute of the sea area increases. Sea fog is also closely related to wind speed and direction over the sea surface. Its occurence de pends upon sea surface temperature, air-sea temperature difference, and dew point temperature. Sea cur rent is one of the hydrological factors for the fog formation. Although the sea fog is a phenomenum which is closely related to vapour condensation in the air with its stable stratification, the temperature inversion is not the necessary conditions for the sea-fog formation. On the other hand, the inversion layer is the favourable conditions for sea-fog dissipation.