禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜玻璃管药膜法敏感毒力基线的建立

Establishment of baseline susceptibility data to various insecticides for aphids Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)and Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)(Homoptera:Aphididae)by the method of residual film in glass tube

【目的】建立禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi（Linnaeus）和麦长管蚜Sitobionavenae（Fabricius）对常用杀虫剂的相对敏感基线。【方法】从田间采集麦蚜在实验室内饲养30代以上，利用玻璃管药膜法测定其对杀虫剂的敏感度，每条毒力基线为2次以上独立测定数据合并后的计算结果。【结果】用玻璃管药膜法建立了包括新烟碱类、吡啶类、氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷类和拟除虫菊酯类共22个药剂品种对禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜3h的敏感毒力基线。禾符缢管蚜对新烟碱类药剂吡虫啉和啶虫脒的LC50值分别为0．02和0．007μg／cm^2；对吡啶类药剂吡蚜酮的LC50值为0．124μg／cm^2；对氨基甲酸酯类药剂丁硫克百威、硫双灭多威、灭多威、抗蚜威、西维因的LC50值为0．0026～0．70μg／cm^2；对有机磷类药剂三唑磷、丙溴磷、氧乐果、乐果、马拉硫磷、辛硫磷、敌敌畏、毒死蜱的LC50值为0．005～0．065μg／cm^2；对拟除虫菊酯类药剂三氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯的LC50值为0．033～0．240μg／cm^2。麦长管蚜对新烟碱类药剂吡虫啉和啶虫脒的LC50值分别为0．15和0．12μg／cm^2；对吡啶类药剂吡蚜酬的LC50值为0．41μg／cm^2；对氨基甲酸酯类药剂丁硫克百威、硫双灭多威、灭多威、抗蚜威、西维因的LC50值为0．005～0．76μg／cm^2；对有机磷类药剂三唑磷、丙溴磷、氧乐果、乐果、马拉硫磷、辛硫磷、敌敌畏、毒死蜱的LC50值为0．018～0．36μg／cm^2；对拟除虫菊酯类药剂-二氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯的LC50值为0．20～2．94μg／cm^2【结论】建立的两种麦蚜对22种杀虫药剂的相对敏感基线，包括当前所有可能用于防治麦蚜的药剂，可以用于以后麦蚜抗药性监测或其他相关研究的参照；禾谷缢管蚜对药剂的敏感度高于麦长管蚜。

[ Aim ] The objective of this research was to establish susceptible toxicity baselines of two wheat aphids Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae to 22 insecticides. [ Methods ] The method of the residual film in glass tube with 3 h exposure to insecticides was employed for determining toxicity of insecticides to both wheat aphid species, which were originally collected from different provinces of China during 2005 -2007 and reared on wheat seedlings in the laboratory for more than 30 generations. [ Results ] In R. padi, the LC50 values of susceptible toxicity baselines were 0.02 and 0. 007μg/cm^2for neonieotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and aeetamiprid respectively; 0. 124 μg/cm^2 for pymetrozin; 0. 0026- 0.70 μg/cm^2 for carbamate insecticides, carbosulfan, thiodicarb, methomyl, pirimicarb and carbaryl ; 0. 005 - 0. 065μg/cm^2 for organophosphate insecticides, triazophos, profenofos, omethoate, dimethoate, malathion, phoxim, diehlorvos and ehlorpyrifos; 0. 033 - 0. 240 μg/cm^2 for pyrethroid insecticides, lamba-eyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin. In S. avenae, the LC50 values of susceptible toxicity baselines were 0. 15μg/cm^2 and 0.12μg/cm^2 for neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and acetamiprid respectively; 0.41 μg/cm^2 for pymetrozin; 0.005 -0. 76 μg/cm^2 for carbamate insecticides carbosulfan, thiodicarb, methomyl, pirimicarb and carbaryl ; 0. 018 - 0.36μg/cm^2 for organophosphate insecticides, triazophos, profenofos, omethoate, dimethoate, malathion, phoxim, dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos and 0.20 - 2.94μg/cm^2 for pyrethroid insecticides, lamba-cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin. [ Conclusion ] Susceptible toxicity baselines of both R. padi and S. avenae to 22 insecticides established in this study could be used as a reference for resistance monitoring or other related researches. The insecticide susceptibility is higher in R. padi than in S. avenae for most of insecticides.