血液透析膜的生物相容性

Biocompatibility of hemodialysis membrane

通过比较不同种血液透析膜的材料学特点,探讨了血液透析膜相容性的基本条件,将血液透析膜分为纤维素膜和合成膜两种类型,阐述了血液透析膜生物相容性的研究现状。目前各种新型的膜材料在不断地研发,部分已在临床使用或即将问世,如维生素E修饰的透析膜、多黏菌素B修饰的透析膜、甲壳素膜、以及人肾单位透析器和生物活性膜等。研制高通量、高效、生物相容性好的透析膜仍将是今后发展的主要方向。随着高分子材料和纳米技术的不断发展,透析膜的透析效果、生物相容性将逐步提高。

Through comparing the material characteristics of different kinds of hemodialysis membranes, the article investigates the basic conditions of biocompatibility of hemodialysis membrane. The hemodialysis membranes are divided into two types： cellulose membranes and synthetic membranes. This article describes the research state of biocompatibility of hemodialysis membrane. Many kinds of novel membrane materials are developed continuously, and some of them have been used in clinic or will come soon, such as the dialysis membranes modified by Vitamin E or polymyxin B, anion membranes, human nephron filters and bioactive membranes. Development of dialysis membranes with high-throughput, high efficient and good biocompatibility is the main developing direction in the future. With the development of high molecular materials and nanotechnology, the effect and biocompatibility of the dialysis membrane will be improved continuously.