骨组织低温保存技术的特点

Technical characteristics of bone tissue cryopreservation

工程组织和生物活体器官的低温保存是当今生物医学工程最前沿的研究课题。组织较细胞结构更为复杂,传热传质难以控制。细胞与材料的黏附是影响骨组织成功保存的重要因素,玻璃化低温保存是实现骨组织成功保存的重要方法,另外还应积极寻找其他能够有利低温保存的外界因素,如压力,微波等。到目前为止,器官的低温保存没有取得大的突破,但相信,随着科学实验和技术的发展,研究各类细胞、组织、器官的低温耐受性和生物材料传热规律的成熟,寻找减轻损伤的技术,最终会实现器官的低温保存。

The cryopreservation of engineered tissues and biological organs in vivo is the forefront topic in biomedical engineering. The structure of tissue is more complex than that of cell, and the heat and mass transfer of the tissue is more difficult to control. Adhesion of cells to materials plays an important role in the success of bone preservation. Vitrification method is an important method of successful cryopreservation of engineered tissue. Other favorable external factors, such as pressure and microwave, should be found actively. So far, the cryopreservation of organs has not achieved a major breakthrough. It is believed that with the development of scientific experiments and technology, the maturity of the studies on low temperature tolerance of various types of cells, tissues, organs and heat transfer law of biological materials, and the technology of decreasing the damage, the cryopreservation of organs will be achieved eventually.