嗅鞘细胞修复脊髓损伤轴突髓鞘化的研究与进展

Research and advance of olfactory ensheathing cells in remyelination of the injured spinal cord

髓鞘的完整性是保证其包裹的轴突具备正常生理功能的前提,脊髓的损伤往往伴有不同程度的髓鞘损伤,因此如何使损伤的轴突重新获得髓鞘化成为损伤轴突再生的关键。早期对嗅鞘细胞的研究表明,嗅鞘细胞可以促进并参与损伤脊髓的髓鞘再生,从而达到使损伤轴突再生,恢复其生理功能目的。然而随研究的广泛深入,近期得出了不同的结论,即嗅鞘细胞并不参与损伤轴突的再次髓鞘化,其促进轴突髓鞘化并生长的机制需进一步研究。

Integrality of myelin sheath ensures normal physiological function of the axon which is encapsulated in myelin sheath. Usually spinal injury is always accompanied by injury of the myelin sheath at some extent. So remyelination of the injured spinal cord is the key for axon regeneration. Previous studies have shown that olfactory ensheathing cells can participate in and promote the remyelination of the injured spinal cord, inducing axon regeneration and physiological function recovery. However, recent studies have demonstrated that olfactory ensheathing cells do not participate the remyelination of the injured spinal cord. The mechanism of injured spinal cord remyelination and axon regeneration needs further investigation.