深圳市儿童腹泻标本病毒病原学初步分析

Analysis of Status of Virus Infection Among Infants

目的对深圳市腹泻儿童中轮状病毒、肠道腺病毒、星状病毒、诺瓦克类病毒的感染进行调查和初步分析。方法采用酶联免疫技术（ELLSA）和核酸扩增检测技术（PCR）对2007年8月～2008年3月的82份腹泻标本进行病毒检测，PCR阳性标本进行测序，并与GenBank中公布的基因进行同源性比较。结果82份标本病毒抗原酶联免疫检测总阳性率为64．6％（53／82），病毒核酸检测总阳性率为67．1％（55／82）。其中酶联免疫法轮状病毒、星状病毒、诺瓦克病毒、肠道腺病毒的阳性率分别为54．9％，0，7．3％，4．9％。PCR法轮状病毒、星状病毒、诺瓦克病毒、肠道腺病毒的阳性率分别为50％，1．2％，11％，12．2％。测序比较结果表明轮状病毒，星状病毒，诺瓦克病毒，肠道腺病毒与GenBank中公布的基因序列同源性比较符合率分别为92％～100％，90％～100％，94％～100％，90％～100％。结论深圳市儿童腹泻的病毒感染率比较高。酶联免疫技术的灵敏度和准确度低于核酸检测技术，酶联免疫技术检测病毒抗原适合于基层医院使用。婴幼儿腹泻标本病毒检测对降低婴幼儿死亡率有重要的作用。

Objective To investigate the status of rotavirus,adenovirus, astrovirus,noroviru-ses infection among children with diarrheain Shenzhen. Methods Fecal specimens from 82 children with acute gastroenteritis from August 2007 to March 2008 and information about the cases were collected. Fecal samples were determined to identify by ELISA and PCR. Results The positive rate of 64. 6% by ELISA and 67.1% by PCR. The positive rate of rotavirus,astrovirus,noroviruses and adenovirus by ELISA were 54. 9%, 0, 7. 3% and 4. 9% respectively. The positive rate of rotavirus, astrovirus, noroviruses,adenovirus by PCR were 50%, 1.2%, 11% and 12.2%. Select positive samples to detect gene sequence and the rotavirus, astrovirus,noroviruses,adenovirus＇s similarity of GenBank achieve 92%-100% ,90%-100% ,94%-100%and 90%-100% respectively. Conclusion The information of diarrhea virus was high in Shenzhen. The method of ELISA and PCR are sensitive and unmultiplicity. These methods fit to the forepart diagnosis,and are important to decrease the death rate in children.