甘南牦牛杂交改良综合饲养管理模式初探

The Primary Investigation the Model of Comprehensive Feeding and Management of Crossbred Yak in Gannan

[目的]为了提高甘南牦牛的个体生产性能,研究放牧条件下甘南牦牛的饲养管理模式,[方法]本课题通过引进大通牦牛,加强种公牛、母牦牛的饲养管理,对杂种犊牛进行全哺乳暖棚育肥试验,[结果]表明,甘南牦牛的发情率、受胎率、繁殖成活率都显著升高,流产率和犊牛死亡率下降明显。所产犊牛的初生重大,生长发育快。经全哺乳培育和暖棚育肥的犊牛,初生重和体尺与对照组相差不大,到6月龄断奶和12月龄体重都显著高于对照组。[结论]通过试验研究总结出一套适宜甘南牦牛杂交改良的综合饲养管理模式,从而指导甘南牦牛的生产。

To improve the production performance of yak in Gannan area and find the best model of feeding and management, The local yak were improved by Datong yak and the feeding and management of yak cows and bulls were improved and crossbred calves were fed in greenhouse. After that, the rate of estrus, gestation and reproduction were improved significantly and the abortion rate and calf--yak death rate decreased greatly. Although there is no obvious difference in birth body weight and body size between calves under different feeding and management system, weaning weight at 6 months old and yearly weight of the calves in the system of full period suckling or fed in greenhouse were significantly higher than that of control calves. At the end of this experience, a good model of feeding and management of yak was found out that can be used in production.