用1/4野血牦牛改良当地牦牛效果初探

The Preliminary Report on the Improvement of 1/4 Wilde Blood Yak on Domestic Yak

[目的]牦牛改良是提高牦牛生产性能的主要措施,大通牦牛是我国引入野牦牛血液培育的第一个人工培育的牦牛品种。一定的外血导入,可以有效防止目前牦牛近亲繁殖,生产性能下降的问题。[方法]用1/4野血大通牦牛种公牛与当地母牦牛进行本交,对其杂一代的生长发育,适应性进行观察,[结果]表明:杂种一代5月龄牦牛犊的体重、体高、体斜长、胸围分别比同龄当地牦牛高4.28 kg4、.97 cm5、.93 cm、4.49 cm,差异显著(P<0.01)。[结论]说明用1/4野血牦牛改良当地牦牛,后代适应性强,加快了牦牛后代的生长发育。

Genetic improvement is one of main measures to raise the production performance. Datong Yak is the first Yak breed bred by introducing wild yak blood. Introduetive crossing could prevent production decrease caused by inbreeding reproduction. 1/4 Wilde-Blood-Yak Bulls were introduced to mating with domestic yak and the development and growth characteristics were observed. Body weight, wither height, body length and heart girth of crossbreeding F1 individuals were significant increased for 4.28 kg 4.97 cm,5.93 cm,4.49 cm（ P 〈0.01）. These results showed that crossbreeding of domestic yak with 1/4 Wilde-Blood-Yak bull could improve the adaptability and growth and development.