二十世纪六七十年代大寨劳动分配办法述略

A Survey of the Dazhai Method of Labor and Distribution in the 1960s and 1970s

大寨劳动分配办法是农业学大寨期间在全国农村广为推行的一种分配制度。这种根植于大寨、强调思想领先、在一个北方山村行之有效的做法,强行推广到全国后,却遭到了自然条件千差万别、劳动方式各自不同的各地农民的无声抵抗。本文通过系统研究大寨劳动分配办法的创立、推广和终结,深入分析这一办法产生的客观背景及其不切实际广为推广失败的内在原因。

The Dazhai method of labor and distribution was a system of distribution carried out in the rural areas throughout the nation during the movement of learning from Dazhai in agriculture. This measure that was rooted in Dazhai, gave prominence to ideology and proved to be effectual in a mountain village in North China, met with si- lent resistance from the farmers in various places with different natural conditions and different modes of labor when forcefully introduced all over the country. Based on systematic studies of the origin, spread and termination of the Dazhai method of labor and distribution, this paper makes an in-depth probe into the objective backdrop of this method and analyzes the inherent causes of failure of the efforts to introduce widely this measure regardless of actual conditions.