论近代公司组织的成因

On the Causes for the Emergence of Modern Corporations

影响近代公司形成的因素主要有四点:(1)商品经济的充分发展。只有当商品经济成为社会主流的经济形态时,才能产生出比较完整与成熟的近代公司组织。(2)重商观念的形成。重商观念为近代公司组织的形成营造了良好的舆论与社会氛围。(3)法人理论的发展。简化了自然人的法律关系,为早期的合伙或无限责任形式的组织向有限公司过渡准备了条件。(4)信用制度的发展。信用制度"从公司的外部、从宏观上为公司的高度发展提供了可能性"等。

There are four main factors that influence the emergence of modern corporations： （1） the full development of commodity economy. Only when the commodity economy became the mainstream economic form, could relatively complete and mature modern corporations be developed; （2） the emergence of mercantilist idea. The mercantilist idea created favorable good public opinion and social atmosphere for the emergence of modern corporations ; （3） the development of the concept of legal person. Such concept simplified natural person＇ s legal relationship and created conditions for the transformation of partnership or corporations of unlimited liability of the early times into corporations of limited liability; （4） the development of credit system. The credit system is an external and macro factor that made it possible for the emergence of highly developed corporations.