陶寺观象台遗址的天文学分析

Astronomical Analysis of the Taosi Observatory Site

对陶寺观象台遗址的外观形态,用天文方法分析了12个测缝与日出日期的对应关系和天文学作用,对比了考古队的模拟观测与理论计算的结果.分析指出,测缝E2—E12对应于一周年的日出方向,大致均分,产生一个不均匀的时间体系.E1对应于"月南至",提供一个18—19年的年代指示.这是一个集礼仪祭祀和观象授时为一体的建筑.

An ancient observatory was unearthed recently at Taosi site. This paper discussed the figure of the relic, analyzed the relationship between the 12 backsights and calendar date using astronomical method, and compared the simulated observation with theoretic computation. The investigation shows that backsight E2--E12 indicated the di- rections of sunrise in the whole year, which were roughly equally distributed and offered an unequal calendar system. The backsight E1 indicated the south-end of the moonrise, giving a time symbol of 18--19 years. This building must be a complex of solar observation, time service, solar worship, and sacrificial ritual.