我国工业发展环境成本估计

Environment Cost Estimate of Chinas Industrial Development

本文采取虚拟成本法对我国工业成本进行了估计。研究结果表明,1991年以来我国工业环境已支付成本不断提高,我国工业在环境方面的投入不断加大;1998年以来,我国工业清洁度不断提高;我国工业在1998年以来工业环境虚拟成本呈现不断下降的趋势。2007年,我国工业环境总成本占工业总产值的比例仅为0.73%左右,占工业增加值的比例仅为2.52%。环境虚拟成本占工业总产值的比例仅为0.23%左右,而占工业增加值的比例仅为0.81%。从上述数据可看出,仅就环境成本而言,即使我国实施最严格的环境标准,对我国产业国际竞争力的影响也十分有限。也就是说,我国工业目前已经完全有能力承受较高的环境标准。

This paper estimated China＇s industrial cost by taking virtual cost approach. Results revealed a constant rising cost and input of China＇s industrial environment. Since 1998, China＇s industrial cleanliness keeps rising; while the virtual cost experienced a downward trend. In 2006, the proportion of the total cost of China＇s industrial environment to total industrial output value accounted for about 0. 85 %, and 2.96% with regard to industrial added value. The proportion of environment virtual cost to total industrial output value is 0.3%, and 1.05 % with regard to industrial added value. From the above data, we can see that environmental cost will not harm the international competitiveness of China＇s industry even if China carry out the most stringent environmental standards. In other words, the Chinese industry is now fully capable to bear higher environmental standards.