长三角与珠三角的制造业结构与区域竞争力比较

Comparison with Structural and Regional Competitiveness of Manufacture in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta

本文通过运用偏离份额法对长三角和珠三角制造业发展状况的比较分析表明,经过多年的改革开放与发展外向型经济,两大区域在电子通信制造业领域都拥有了领先全国的结构与区域竞争优势。然而,在其他制造业领域,珠三角由于未能在承接产业转移时及时提升产品技术层次和劳动生产效率,致使原有的竞争优势正在逐步丧失,迫切需要从发展技术密集型产业和现代服务业以及加强城市职能分工等角度寻求转型之路。与珠三角相比,长三角的制造业结构偏差问题更加突出,纺织业等传统制造业亟需提高发展质量,增强产业转移之后的升级能力与价值链治理能力。

The paper compares with development of manufacture in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta using shift--share method. It finds that reform and opening up to develop an outward--looking economy from a few years ago, both of two regions all process structural and regional competition advantage far over nation＇s average level on manufacture of electron and communication. However,in Pearl River Delta, because it can＇t raise technology capability of manufacture product and production efficiency of labor when receiving industrial transfer timely on other fields of manufacture, the formal competition advantage is disappearing now, which asks for developing capital--intensive manufactures, modern service industries and promoting division among different urban functions to serve its transformation. In Yangtze River Delta, the problem of manufacture＇s structural shift is standing out more than Pearl River Delta. Textile industry and other traditional manufactures need to raise developing quality and advance abilities on industrial upgrading and governance of value chains after transferring outwards.