知识归赋的语境敏感性:三种主要的解释性理论

Context-Sensitivity of Knowledge Attributions:Three Main Explanatory Theories

知识归赋的语境敏感性是指,对于同一个认知主体S和同一个命题p,在不同的语境中,我们会做出不同的知识归赋:在"低"语境中,我们认为"S知道p";而在"高"语境中,我们认为"S不知道p"。语境主义认为,知识归赋的语境敏感性反映了知识归赋的成真条件对归赋语境的敏感性;SSI则认为它反映了知识归赋的成真条件对主体语境的敏感性;与语境主义与SSI的语义解释相反,语用论温和不变主义提出了一种语用解释,它主张用会话适当性条件的语境敏感性来解释知识归赋的语境敏感性。

Context-sensitivity of knowledge attributions is such a phenomenon in Knowledge Attributions that, for the same subject S, and the same proposition p, we can make different knowledge attributions in different contexts： we tend to think that S knows p, in ＂LOW＂ context, but that S doesn＇t know p, in ＂HIGH＂ context. Contextualism holds that it is the truth-conditions of knowledge attributions depending on the attributor^s context which lead to this phenomenon of context-sensitivity. However, SSI denies this and maintains instead that the truth-condi tions of knowledge attributions depend on the context of subject. In contrast with the semantic interpretations provided by contextualism and SSI, pragmatic moderate invariantism suggests a pragmatic interpretation according to which Conversational Propriety Conditions depend on conversational context.