论中华人民共和国史研究

On Studies on the History of People's Republic of China

中华人民共和国史是指1949年10月1日以后共和国范围内社会及社会与自然界关系的历史。从经济社会发展道路或目标模式的角度来观察,国史大致可以划分为五个时期,其主线至少有三条。研究国史,需要明确现代史与当代史的关系,尤其要处理好它与中共党史的关系。认清什么是国史的主流,关键在于如何看待改革开放前的历史,特别是那段历史中发生的失误和错误。国史研究具有较强的阶级性、政治性和意识形态性,但这并不必然削弱它的学术性、科学性。国史研究除了具有史学各分支学科所共有的传承文明、咨政育人的功能外,还有"护国"的重要作用。在今天,只要尊重客观事实,遵守学术规范,当代人不仅可以写好当代史,而且可以在国家机构主持下写好国史。

By the history of the People's Republic of China (PRC) we mean the social history and the history of the relations between society and nature on the Chinese land of 9.6 million square kilometers since the founding of the Republic in 1949.Observed in the light of the path or goal model of socio-economic development,the national history may roughly be divided into five stages with at least three main threads.It is necessary to make clear the relations between modem history and con- temporary history in the studies of national history,especially handle well its relations with the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC).The key to seeing clearly the mainstream of the national histo- ry is how to look at the history before the reform and opening up,especially the drawbacks and mis- takes in that period.Studies on the national history are imbued with a relatively strong class,political and ideological nature,but this does not necessarily weaken their academic and scientific nature.Be- sides the functions of inheriting and passing on civilizations,benefiting the state and educating the peo- ple common to all branches of history,studies on national history also play an important role of'defen- ding the state'.Today,as long as the objective realities and academic norms are respected,the con- temporaries are able to write well the contemporary national history;furthermore,they can write it well under the auspices of government institutions.