小麦种子穗发芽化学防治研究

Study on preventing preharvest sprouting in wheat

从植物源天然物质中提取出发芽抑制物质，对其抑制效应特性进行了鉴定，并进行了防治小麦种子穗发芽试验。结果表明，提取物的抑制效应强而迅速，对种子发芽率的抑制率达100％，对胚根长度的抑制率达96％～100％，对胚芽鞘的抑制率达80％～100％。在小麦抽穗后不同时期喷施，对成熟期穗发芽率的抑制率最高可达88．81％，喷施后对农艺性状和种子品质无不良影响。初步研究认为，提取物通过降低α-淀粉酶活性来抑制穗发芽。用提取物防治小麦穗发芽的效果优于PP333。

Series of germination inhibitors were extracted from natural materials of plant, and their properties of inhibition were evaluated, and experiments for preventing preharvest sprouting were done, The results as follows, The series of extracts has Strong and fast effects on inhihition. The rate of inhibition to germination was 100%, and that to the lenth of radicle was 96 %～100%. and that to the lenth of prumule was 80%～100%, With the extracts sprayed at different stages after heading, the maximum rate of inhibition to sprouting was 88. 81 %. The principle that the extracts inhibited sprouting was by decreasing the activities of α-amyiase in grain. The series of extracts had few bad effects on agricultural properties and seed qhalities. The effects of these series of extracts on prventing preharvest sprouting were better than PP333.