新的农业科技革命与21世纪我国节水农业的发展

New Agricultural Sci Technological Revolution and Development of Chinese Water Saving Agriculture in 21st Century

２１世纪我国农业可持续发展的主要制约因素是水资源不足及水土资源分布不均，我国２１世纪农业发展所面临的供水危机，将比任何时期都严峻。解决上述危机的根本出路是大力发展规模化农业高效节水技术，逐步提高大范围农业用水利用率和田间单方净耗水量的农产品产出率。２１世纪可能产生突破的几项高效节水关键技术有：（１）作物控制性分根交替灌溉新技术；（２）调亏灌溉技术；（３）喷微灌技术和田间地面灌水新技术；（４）农业综合节水技术；（５）灌区节水管理与精准灌溉技术；（６）雨水集蓄与高效利用技术；（７）区域水资源持续高效利用技术。这些技术的突破必将作为新的农业科技革命的重要内容，对我国２１世纪的农业发展做出重大贡献。

The main restrict fator to our agrucultrual sustainable development in 21st century is soil water resource inadequency and unbalanced dispersion.The crisis of water supply for agriculture is much severer than ever in the 21st century.The foundmental solution to this problem is to develop a large scale,improve agricultural productivity per-net water consumption in field gradually In 21st century,we can expect remarkable progress in these techniques as follows:(1)Controlled Root Divided Alternative Irrigation,(2)Regulated Deficit Iiigation,(3)new methods of water saving irrigation techniques,(4)integrated water saving methods,(5)water management in irrigation system and precision irrigation,(6)harvesting and utilization of precipitation,(7)sustainable,high efficient utilization of regional water resources.These break though,undoubtly,will become an important part of agricultural sci-technical revolution and cnotribute our agricultural development in 21st century.