渭北旱原冬小麦全程地膜覆盖超高产栽培技术研究

Superhigh Yield Cultivation Technique of Winter Wheat Film Mulched for Whole Growing Process in Weibei Dryland

１９９６～１９９７年度，在乾县试区进行的旱地冬小麦全程地膜覆盖超高产栽培技术研究结果表明，旱地冬小麦全程地膜覆盖栽培技术具有显著的增产、增收效果。冬小麦全程地膜覆盖栽培技术是将“冬小麦夏闲期微型聚水两元覆盖”与“冬小麦穴播全生育地膜覆盖”两项技术相结合，而组成的一种新的旱地冬小麦高产高效栽培技术，它集以上两种地膜覆盖之所长，能将冬小麦整个生产年度的降水最大限度地蓄积并保存于土壤之中，加之土壤温度的提高，有效积温的增加，使小麦生长健壮，分蘖增多，生育进程提前，幼穗分化时间延长，进而使成穗数增加，穗粒数增多，千粒重提高，是渭北旱原进行旱地冬小麦高产或超高产栽培的有效途径。

The experiment carried out at the experiment zone in Qianxian County during 1996～1997 showed that the cultivation technique of dryland winter wheat with film mulching during the whole growing process had a remarkable yield increase effect. The technique,resulting from the combination of 'Summer fallow winter wheat field mulched for the micro-water harvest technique' and 'Winter wheat hole-seeding film mulched during the whole growing process', could maximumly store the rainfall in soil during the productive span of wheat, raised the soil temperature which led to healthy growth of wheat,brought about great numbers of tillers, and lengthened the period of spikelet differentiation. This could increase the numbers of spikes, the grain numbers on spike and thousand grain weight. Therefore, the cultivation technique with film mulching during the whole growing process was an effective way for the high or superhigh yield of winter wheat in Weibei dryland.