饲料添加剂半胱胺对牙鲆毒性作用的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Toxicity of Feed Additive Cysteamine to Paralichthys olivaceus

[目的]研究饲料添加剂半胱胺对牙鲆的毒性作用。[方法]采用腹腔注射和口腔灌服2种方式按等对数浓度梯度进行半胱胺对牙鲆的急性毒性试验,同时采用一次腹腔注射方式以100 mg/kg BW的半胱胺剂量对牙鲆进行亚急性毒性试验。[结果]急性毒性试验表明,腹腔注射组半胱胺96 h的LD50为263.6 mg/kg BW,95%可信区间为237.40-292.80 mg/kg BW,其安全剂量为26.36 mg/kg BW。口腔灌服组半胱胺96 h的LD50为1754.70 mg/kg BW,95%可信区间为1534.60-2006.30 mg/kg BW,其安全剂量为175.47 mg/kg BW。亚急性毒性试验表明：在注射100 mg/kg BW半胱胺后2 h,与对照相比,牙鲆血浆葡萄糖含量显著升高,尿素氮含量显著降低;血浆谷草转氨酶活性随注射时间有所升高,谷丙转氨酶活性随注射时间有所降低。[结论]半胱胺对牙鲆的毒性属于低等毒性。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the toxicity of feed additive cysteamine to Paralichthys olivaceus.[Method] The tests of acute cysteamine toxicity to P.olivaceus were conducted by intraperitoneal injection（ip） and oral medication（po） according to the drug doses designed by equal space between logarithms.Another test of subacute cysteamine toxicity to P.olivaceus was made by ip at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW.[Result] The acute cysteamine toxicity tests showed that the LD50 of cysteamine by ip at 96 h was 263.60 mg/kg BW,with the confidence limit of 95% being 237.40～292.80 mg/kg BW and the safety dose being 26.4 mg/kg BW;the LD50 of cysteamine by po at 96 h was 1 754.70 mg/kg BW,with the confidence limit of 95% being 1 534.60～2 006.30 mg/kg BW and the safety dose being 175.50 mg/kg BW.The subacute cysteamine toxicity test showed that when the cysteamine was injected by ip at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW for 2 h,the glucose contents in the plasma of P.olivaceus was significantly increased and the urea nitrogen contents in the plasma was significantly decreased as compared with CK.The aspartate aminotransferase activities in the plasma were elevated at relatively higher levels and the alanine aminotransferase activities in the plasma were at relatively lower levels with the injection time.[Conclusion] The toxicity of cysteamine to P.olivaceus belonged to low toxic grade.