需求信息共享激励与供应链契约设计

Research on Demand Information Sharing Incentive and Supply Chain Contract Design

从供应链中的不同需求特征和基本订货策略出发,分析了零售商的订货决策和供应商的生产决策,并对供应商在信息共享前后的库存水平、机会成本以及利润进行比较,说明了供应商在实现信息共享后将获得更大的利益,而零售商则未能从中获益。因此,要促进零售商实现信息共享,则必须通过供应链契约的合理设计,具体规定一些契约参数或利益分配方式,实现供应链上双方的风险共担和利益共享。以供货价格和交货提前期这2个契约参数为例对供应链契约进行设计,从而通过契约参数的变化,使零售商获取更大的利润,促进其实现信息共享的积极性。

The paper begins with different demand characteristics and basic order tactic, and analyzes the retailers ＇ order decision and the suppliers ＇ production decision. It compares the suppliers＇ inventory level, opportunity cost and profits before and after information sharing, and it shows that the suppliers will gain more benefits after information sharing, while the retailers will not gain any benefits. Therefore, in order to promote the retailers to share information, it must design, by designing rationally supply chain con- tract, some contract parameter in detail or the method of benefit distribution and realize sharing the risk and benefit of both parties in the supply chain. The paper gives the two parameters of supply price and delivery lead time, as an example to design the supply chain contract, and by contracting parameters＇ change, the retailers will achieve more profits, and advance the motivation of achieving information sharing for the retailers.