生物柴油的理化特性对柴油机性能的影响研究

Research on the Influences of the Characteristics of Biodiesel Exserted on Diesel Engine Performance

对比分析了生物柴油与矿物柴油的燃料特性、柴油机燃用生物柴油对柴油机各种性能的影响及燃用生物柴油的优劣。结果表明:作为代用燃料,生物柴油与柴油的理化特性相接近,并且具有发火性好,安全性高,对发动机腐蚀性小等优点,但其热值和蒸发性能不如矿物柴油。燃用生物柴油后柴油机动力性和经济性略有下降,HC,CO排放大幅下降,NOx排放略有增加,且对柴油机各性能的影响程度随生物柴油掺烧比例的增大而增加。

This article analyzes the burning characteristics of biodiesel and the mineral diesel oil, and the advantages or disadvantages on engine performance are also investigated when it burns biodiesel. The result indicates that, hiodiesel oil has the similar physical and chemical characteristics, with good ignition quality, high security, low corrosiveness to the engine and so on, hut its thermal value and the evaporation performance are inferior compared with the mineral diesel. When it is fueled with hiodiesel, the engine power and the efficiency drops slightly; HC, CO emissions drops evidently, the NOx emission increases. In all, as the proportion of biodiesel increases, the influence it exserted on engine performance increases.