村落记忆与空间表征——对山西上安村的文化地理学考察

Memory of Village and Spatial Representation

文化地理学对于"地理"的理解和研究范畴,己经超越传统的地理学,是对基于地理环境的文化空间进行深度理解与符号诠释的学科。民俗学作为研究"地方"的地理、历史、政治与文化的综合性学科,可以从中得到有益的借鉴。村落内部的口述记忆是获知空间表征的重要途径,表征可以借助记忆的形式表现出来。文化主体赋予外界的自然景观和物理空间以地方性的内部想象、发明与建构,将自身的种种现实需求(如意识形态结构、地方安全感、文化资本)投射到外部世界,产生了村落特有的空间表征,即复杂的空间观念、情感与态度。

Cultural geography is a science which studies the cultural space based on geographical environment. It has exceeded the traditional geography as far as the concept and research scope of ＂geography＂ are concerned. As a comprehensive subject which studies the geography, history, politics and culture of a local place, folklore can gain some insight from cultural geography. The oral memory within the village is an important channel to acquire spatial representation. Cuhural subject gives the external natural scenes and physical space some local internal imagination, invention and construction. It has projected its practical needs such as ideological structure, sense of local security and cultural capital into the outside world and produced the spatial representation characteristic of village, namely the complicated spatial concept, emotion and attitude.