不同沉水植物对Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn元素吸收积累差异及规律研究

Research on Accumulation of Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn in Different Submerged Plants

为探求不同种类的沉水植物对水中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn吸收积累的差异,对生长在广西刁江流域中的几种常见的沉水植物:菹草、黑藻、狐尾藻、苦草、黄丝草进行了分析,结果表明:在不同采样点与不同时期里,Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn元素在同一沉水植物中吸收变化比较大,Zn元素含量在被测元素中变化最大,最高值和最低值差约581倍。这说明沉水植物受环境影响比较大,能较好的反应出周围环境的变化;但不同的沉水植物对周围环境反应能力的大小是不一样的,菹草、黑藻、狐尾藻、苦草、黄丝草对Cu,Cd,Zn重金属元素的富集能力顺序依次为:菹草>黑藻>狐尾藻>苦草>黄丝草;而黄丝草对Pb吸收累积能力在所有被检测沉水植物中富集能力是最强的。因此,我们在利用沉水植物来指示或修复水体环境时,必须依据不同的元素来选择合适的沉水植物。

In order to study the difference between different types of submerged plants accumulation on Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn in the water, Potamogeton crispus, Hydrilla verticillata, Myriophyllum verticillatnm, Vallisneria Natans and Potamogeton maackianus, several major submerged plants which are grown in Guangxi Diaojiang river were analyzed, the results showed that： At different sampling points or different sampling period, the content of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn in the same submerged plants are different. In the all measured elements, the variation of content of Zn is the biggest; the maximum value of Zn content is 581 times higher than the minimum value. The results showed that the submerged plants can well reflect the environmental changes, but the response of different submerged plant to the environment is different. The concentrating ability of Cu,Cd, Zn heavy metal elements of Potamogeton crispus, Hydrilla verticillata, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Vallisneria Natans and Potamogeton maackianus： Potamogeton crispus 〉Hydrilla vertieillata 〉Myriophyllum verticillatum 〉Vallisneria Natans 〉 Potamogeton maackianus. In all measured submerged plants, the Potamogeton maackianus＇s concentrating ability of Pb is the strongest. As a result, using submerged plants to indicate or remediate water environment must be based on different elements and chose the right submerged plants.