华北平原不同施氮量对玉米产量和品质的影响研究

The Effects of Different Nitrogen Applications on Yield and Quality of Maize in North China Plain

试验研究了5个供氮水平下不同施氮量对玉米产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不同施氮量对玉米产量和品质有不同的影响。施氮量为337.5kg/hm2时,玉米产量最高,达到6845.0kg/hm2;继续增施氮肥,产量显著降低。施氮量为112.5kg/hm2和225kg/hm2时,蛋白质含量最高,达到了8.94%,品质最好;施氮量继续增加,玉米品质显著下降,其绝对值下降了0.13%～0.56%。225kg/hm2为玉米最佳氮肥用量。为了进一步促进农业可持续发展,在玉米生产中应设定氮肥使用上限,减少氮肥在环境中的残留和积累,减少潜在的农田环境污染,提高氮肥增产效果。

The test studied the effects of five different nitrogen applications on yield and quality of maize. The results indicated that different nitrogen-applied would have taken effects on yields and qualities of maize. The yield would improve as while as the increase of nitrogen application. The nitrogen dosage was 337.5 kg/ha, the maize yield would be growing, the harvest would reach the highest 6 845.0 kg/ha. More nitrogen application would be decreased the yields significantly. When the nitrogen application was between 112.5 kg/ha and 225 kg/ha, the protein content was about 8.94%, the quality and the effects would reach the climax. More nitrogen application would also decrease the quality apparently. The absolute rates decreased 0.13% - 0.56%. The experiment showed that the most suitable nitrogen-applied-quantity was ：225 kg/ha. In order to promote agricultural development continuously, the max of nitrogen application should be limited in a circumstance, as meanwhile, reducing the environmental pollution and forbidding the potential harms of nitrogen usage.