论学术自由的合理性

On the Rationality of Academic Freedom

学术自由思想滥觞于古希腊,至德国古典大学才作为一种理念被明确提出并付诸实践。从古希腊到德意志古典哲学的理性主义为学术自由构筑了传统的哲学根基。然而,理性主义哲学在近代遭遇了巨大困境,占社会理性主导地位的科技理性也引发了一系列现实危机,学术自由的传统哲学基础被严重撼动。必须通过对传统理性主义精神内核的保留、人的自由的合目的性确证以及科技理性和人文主义相结合等逻辑上的三步走,才能对学术自由的合理性进行哲学上的重构。

The idea of academic freedom originated from the ancient Greece, and was not clearly defined and put into practice as a concept until the age of the German Classical University, From the age of ancient Greece to that of Germanic Classical Philosophy, the development of rationalism had constructed the traditional philosophical foundation for academic freedom. Nevertheless, the philosophy of rationalism has been put into a great predicament in modern times for that the scientific and technical rationality, which possessed a dominant position in the social reason, has caused a series of realistic crisis, and consequently, the traditional philosophical foundation has been seriously shocked. To deal with this problem and to reconstructed the rationality of academic freedom from the perspective of philosophy, three steps logically have to be taken resolutely, i.e. the reservation of the spiritual crux of the traditional rationalism, the confirm of the teleology of human freedom, as well as the combination of the scientific and technical reason and the humanism.