森林生态效益外部性的经济学分析

Economic Analysis of Forest Ecosystem Externalities

森林生态效益外部性具有数量庞大、时空转移性、持续复杂性等特征。森林生态效益外部性内在化是一个动态发展的过程。在对森林生态效益按其权属划分为宏观(国家级生态公益林生态效益)、中观(省、市级生态公益林森林效益)和微观(林业企业、基层林场)3个层次基础上,对各层次外部性和各类外部性应采取不同形式、不同程度的内在化途径。

The forest ecosystem externalities feature large volume, space-time transfer, continuance and complexity. The internalization of forest ecosystem externalities is a dynamic and developmental process. Forest coo-efficiency can be classified into three levels, namely, the macro-forests （national public ecological welfare forest）, meso-forests （provincial and civic public ecological welfare forest）, and micro-forests （such as forestry enterprises and forest farms）. The means and extent of internalization of forest ecosystem externalities vary with the levels and forms of forest ecosystem externalities.