规范与自由:关怀生命的道德教育

Criterion and Freedom:the Moral Education Caring for Life

人是一种充满紧张关系的双重生命体,时刻处于自然生命与精神生命、个体生命与群体生命的伦理纠缠之中,他们需要道德规范来守护生命的自由发展。但在规范至上的传统社会中,道德规范获得了绝对化的权威地位,道德教育充满了精神生命对自然生命的蔑视与压制、群体生命对个体生命的支配与控制。在规范与自由之间,生命化德育强调的是群己相依、身心相宜的生命状态,以期从规范至上对生命自由的僭越中走出。

Human has double life full of all kinds of tension relation. It always lays the conflicts between instinct and spirit, individual life and colony life. So it needs moral criterion to guard the free development of life. But in the traditional society which takes criterion as the most important thing, moral criterion gets the authority absolutely, and moral education is full of suppresses which are made by spirit life to nature life; it is also full of dominations which are made by colony life to individual life. Between criterion and freedom, the vital moral education emphasizes the life state which is the interdependent of individual life and colony life, and the suitable between body and spirit, and expects to go off the predicament that criterion as the most important thing arrogates freedon life.