秋季可吸入颗粒物的污染特征研究——以北京市石景山区为例

Research on Characteristics of PM_(10) Pollution in Autumn——At Shihingshan District of Beijing

分析了北京市石景山区秋季PM_(10)质量浓度的变化特征,发现气候变化对PM_(10)质量浓度有很大影响。利用带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM/EDX)分析了PM_(10)的微观形貌特征,区分出矿物颗粒、燃煤飞灰、烟尘集合体、超细颗粒物和未知颗粒物等五种成分,并对所采样品中的矿物颗粒成分进行了分析。石景山区PM_(10)污染呈燃煤污染、机动车尾气污染和扬尘污染的复合污染特征。

This paper analyses the change of PM10 mass concentration at Shijingshan District in autumn, and finds that climate change affects PM10 mass concentration greatly. PM10 microscopic characteristics have been analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X- Ray（ SEM/EDX）, and revealed five main types of particles： mineral particles, coal fly ashes, soot aggregates, ultrafine particles and unidentified particles. At the same time, the components of mineral particles have been analyzed by EDX. PM10 pollution at Shijingshan District is compound pollution with coal -fired pollution, vehicle exhaust pollution and dust pollution.