从历史到神话——玄奘取经与《西游记》

From History to Myth:Xuan-zang in Search of Buddhist Sutras and Journey to the West

在以往的《西游记》研究中,对于玄奘史实与小说的关系,以及玄奘史实在小说成书过程中所产生的重要影响,尚未引起足够的关注。玄奘史实之最终衍变为"神话",究其原因,是由玄奘事迹本身的超一般想象、宗教题材的神秘性、民间传播渠道的调制三端所共同促成。而《西游记》小说中的游戏色彩、诙谐滑稽特征、取经主人公与实际主角发生错位等特征也是在不同程度上,经过民间渠道的传播后所打上的历史印痕。

In the past study on Journey to the West, the relationship between Xuan--zang＇s story and the novel as well as the significant impact that the historical facts of Xuan--ang produced on the novel has not yet attracted enough attention. The reason of the ultimate evolution of Xuan--ang myth from the historical facts is the combined interaction of the extraordinary imagine of Xuan Zang＇s story, the mysterious color on the subject of religion and the dissemination through a non--governmental channel. However, the color of entertainment, the jestful and humorous feature, and the mismatching of the pilgrim with the actual hero in Journey to the West have branded historical marks in many ways with the spreading through civilian channel.