不同防寒处理对高接青岛早红葡萄露地越冬的影响

The Influence of Different Freezing-Protection Treatments on the Overwintering of High-Grafting Qingdaozaohong Grape

以贝达高接的青岛早红葡萄为试材,研究了不同防寒处理对高接青岛早红葡萄露地越冬的影响。进行包剪口、全包扎、不包扎、埋土处理,测定分析越冬后青岛早红葡萄枝条的含水量、电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性等抗性指标,以及萌芽率、萌芽时间、生长势、果枝率等树相指标。结果表明:各处理的葡萄枝条含水量均超过40%,高于芽眼的反应临界点。各处理葡萄的生理指标均存在显著性差异,其中埋土处理和包扎剪口处理的各指标表明二者的抗寒性较强,而全包扎处理与不包扎处理的抗寒性较差。越冬后以嫁接埋土处理葡萄表现最好,而包剪口和全包扎的比不包扎的效果好,说明在昌黎地区影响葡萄越冬的主要因素是风害。说明青岛早红葡萄高接后包扎剪口处理后在昌黎地区可以露地越冬。

In this experiment, the influence of different freezing-protection treatments on the overwintering of high-grafting grape, Qingdaozaohong grape high grafted on the stock of Beta was studied. After four treatments, entirely wrapped, wrapped around the grafting region, no wrapping, buried in the earth, The freezing resistant indexes of the branch of Qingdaozaohong grape such as the water content, electricity conductivity, MDA content, SOD activity, POD activity were analyzed after the winter, and tree performance indexes such as sprouting date, sprouting ratio, growth status, fruit-bearing branch ratio were also investigated. The results showed that. the water content of each treatment surpassed 40%, was higher than the critical water point of the overwintering bud. According to the physiological indexes, the branches with the treatment of buried in earth and the wrapped around the grafting region exhibit the most freezing resistant, and the treatment of entirely wrapped and the no wrapping exhibit less freezing resistant. According to tree performance indexes, the grape of grafted and buried in the earth treatment was the best, and the wrapped around the grafting region and the entirely wrapped up were better than the no wrapping treatment. These indicated that the wind damage is the primary factor that influence the overwintering ability of grape at Changli. Accordingly, the high-grafting Qingdaozaohong wrapped around the grafting region could survive the winter at Changli.