再论傣族诗歌——中国南传佛教地区傣文古籍中诗歌的类别、起源和特点

Types,Origin and Features of Poems and Songs in the Ancient Books of Theravada Spreading Region in China

在我国南传佛教地区发现的大量傣文贝叶经古籍和绵纸抄本,记载了宗教、天文历法、历史、风俗习惯、伦理道德、文学艺术等傣族传统文化,是我国少数民族的重要文化遗产。其中,文学艺术作品类的诗歌,尤其引人关注。从古拙简短的古歌谣、生产生活歌谣,到篇幅浩然、闪耀着华彩的史诗和叙事长诗,既承载着傣族社会各个时期的历史风貌,又反映着傣族人民的价值观念和民族心理。此外,傣族诗歌从记载方式到创作目的、内容题材等方面也明显受到南传佛教文化的较大影响。

Poems and songs recorded in ancient books such as the palm-leafs and tissue paper that found in the Theravada spreading regions in China, were created by Dai People during the long-term development of Dai society, which created splendid ethnic literature achievement in the history of Chinese literature and art. Songs and poems are the two fundamental types in those ancient books. Moreover, according to difference periods of creating, ways of expressing, materiel styles and purposes of creating, songs may be divided into two sub-styles, i. e. ancient-songs and laboring and living songs; poems may be divided into three sub-styles： epic, narrative poem and love poem. However, even all of them are the products of Dai people＇s values and psychology in different terms of Dai society, they are clearly affected by the Theravada culture