生长抑素、胃动素在人胎儿消化系统的发生与分布

Ontogenesis and Distribution of Somatostatin and Motilin in Human Fetal Digestive System

目的：了解并比较生长抑素（ＳＳ）、胃动素（ＭＴＬ）在人胚胎消化系统发生、发展及分布的规律。方法：应用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）系统测定１５例人胎儿消化道各部位ＳＳ及ＭＴＬ的组织含量。结果：在人胚胎胃肠道组织中均有不同浓度的ＳＳ和ＭＴＬ存在，ＳＳ在消化道出现的时间均早于１６周；ＭＴＬ除食管、贲门、幽门、盲肠、阑尾晚于２２周，其余均早于１６周。各部位ＳＳ含量以十二指肠、胃较高，与其它部位比较Ｐ＜０．０５，而ＭＴＬ以空肠、十二指肠为高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。随胚胎发育，ＳＳ的发展呈不同趋势：①胃、十二指肠、空肠ＳＳ持续升高，且胃、十二指肠ＳＳ浓度与胎龄呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８０７７；ｒ＝６７９３；Ｐ＜０．０１）；②食管、回肠、结肠ＳＳ波动在一定水平，变化无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；③贲门、幽门、盲肠、阑尾ＳＳ则呈下降趋势，阑尾ＳＳ与胎龄呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．７８８９；Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＭＴＬ各部位水平随胚胎发育呈一致性升高，空肠、十二指肠ＭＴＬ与胎龄呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８１２５，ｒ＝０．７７３４，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＳＳ与ＭＴＬ在人胎儿胃肠道中的发生。

Aims: To clarify and compare the development and distribution of somatostatin(SS) and motilin(MTL) in human fetal digestive system.Methods:To determine SS and MTL contents systematically by radioimmunoassay(RIA) in the tissues of digestive tract of 15 human fetuses.Results:SS and MTL existed widely in the gastrointestinal tissues of all cases with different levels.SS appears in gut all before 16 weeks of age;MTL appears except in esophagus,cardia,Pylorus,caecum and appendix after 22 weeks,in the other regions of gut before 16 weeks of age.the contents of SS in duodenum and stomach are higher (P<0.05),but the contents of MTL in jejunum and duodenum are higher(P<0.05) than the other tissues.SS levels in stomach,duodenum,and jejunum increase gradually,which in stomach and duodenum are positively correlated with fetal age(P<0.01).SS in the other tissues wave gentlely or decline gradually as fetus growing,and SS content in appendix is negatively correlated with fetal age (P<0.01).But MTL levels in all tissues increase steadily as the increase of fetal age.MTL contents in jejunum and duodenum are positively correlated with fetal age(P<0.01).Conclusions:The development and distribution of SS and MTL in human fetal digestive system exist different regularity.