中国巨灾保险法律制度的构建

The Construction of the Legal System of Catastrophe Insurance in China

当巨灾发生后,本应发挥作用的财产保险在灾后的赔付中缺位,这一现象引发了人们对巨灾险的思考。在发达国家,巨灾险已成为一种分散巨灾风险的常效机制,而国内巨灾险业务方始起步,法律保障制度构建也还未上路。通过对巨灾险及其法律制度的域外考察,中国现行的巨灾保险制度需要深刻的检讨,根据目前条件,中国的巨灾保险宜采用立法促进、商业保险机构担当并由政府推动的方式,通过对立法机构、政府、保险业的角色及职能进行定位、对赔付及巨灾险的运作方式进行规定,构建起中国巨灾险的运作制度和法律框架。

In developed countries, the catastrophe insurance has been an effective mechanism to disperse risks; but in China it is just the beginning, and the legal system is not perfect. According to the analysis on the catastrophe insurance and related laws, the current catastrophe insurance system in China should be improved greatly. Under the current circumstances, it should be improved by legislation, responsible by commercial insurance organization and promoted by the government, through positioning the function of the legislative organizations, the government and the insurance industry, regulating the operation ways of compensation and the catastrophe insurance so as to construct the operation system and the legal framework for the catastrophe insurance in China.