4Anonymous. Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration:Application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures(A report by the American society of anesthesiologists task force on preoperative fasting) [J ]. Anesthesiology, 1999,90 ( 3 ) : 896 - 905.
5Castillo ZC, Castillo P, Luz A, et al. Randomized trial comparing overnight preoperative fasting period vs oral administration of apple juice at 06:00 -06:30 AM in pediatric orthopedic surgical patients [J]. Paediatric Anaesthesia, 2005,15(8) : 638 - 642.
6Cook- Sather SD, I Iarris K A. Rosetta CR,et al. A liberalized fasting guideline for formulated infants does not increase average gastric fluid volume before elective surgery[J]. Pediatric Anesthesia, 2003,96:965 - 969.
7Brady M,Kinn S.O'Rourke K,et al. Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children[J]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2005(2):CD005285.
8Splinter WM,Schaefer JD, Bonn GE. Unlimited clear fluid ingestion by infants up to 2 hours before surgery is safe[J]. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia, 1990,37(4 Pt 2) :S95.