制度变迁视角下的家庭承包经营和农村土地股份合作制度

Household Contractual Management and Rural Land Stock Cooperation System under the View of System Change

制度从形成之日起就面临着制度环境和约束条件的不断变化,需要进行有针对性的调整,20世纪80年代初建立的家庭承包经营制度也是如此。对比家庭承包经营制度和近年来在一些地区出现的一种新的农业生产组织形式——农村土地股份合作社在制度安排上的区别,并分析两种制度的效率。有别于传统的家庭承包经营,土地股份合作在保证农村土地集体所有制的基础上,促进了土地经营权的有偿流转,从制度变迁的角度来看,是中国家庭承包经营制度的创新。

A system faces continuous change of system environment and constraints from the foundation of it, therefore relative adjustments are needed. The situation of household contractual management system established at the beginning of 1980 is the same. The paper compares the system differences between household contractual management system and rural land stock cooperation system which is a newly established rural production organizational form in some areas, and the efficiency of each system is analyzed. Different from traditional household contractual management, land stock cooperation promotes the paid circulation of land management right based on the guarantee of the collective ownership of rural land. It is an innovation of household contractual management system in China from the view of system change.