水下冲击伤后犬主要脏器的病理学改变

Pathological changes of the main internal organs after underwater blast injury in dogs

目的:观察动物水下冲击伤后主要脏器的形态学变化。方法:采用大体、光镜和电镜的方法观察犬水下冲击伤后肺脏、小肠及心脏的病理变化。结果:损伤动物大体解剖可见明显肺出血、水肿,光镜下可见肺出血、淤血,肺泡腔内有大量的红细胞及纤维蛋白渗出,电镜下可见肺泡壁毛细血管内皮细胞破坏严重,部分线粒体出现空泡变与髓鞘样结构。以出血为主的肠道损伤明显可见。可见少量心肌纤维断裂,心肌细胞肿胀。结论:严重的肺出血、水肿可能是水下冲击伤动物早期死亡的主要原因。动物伤情的严重程度与水下冲击波的正向冲量密切相关。肠道损伤也应引起足够重视。

Objective：To observe the morphologic changes of main organs after underwater blast injury Methods： The pathologic changes in lung, small intestine and heart after underwater blast injury in dogs were manifested by means of gross anatomization, light microscope and electronic microscope. Results： Obvious lung bleeding and edema were found in the injured animals by anatomizing. Haemorrhage and congestion were seen in the lung, and a great number of red blood cells and fibrin were exuded into the alveolar space under the light microscope. The capillary endothelia on the alveolar wall were severely injured, and some mitochondria appeared vacuolated changes and myelin figures under the electronic microscope. Hemorrhage was the chief injury in the small intestine. A few myocardial fibers were broken and some myocardial cells were swelled. Conclusion： Severe pneumorrhagia and pneumonedema may be the main reason of early death after the underwater blast injury in dogs. The severity of the injury is closely related to the positive impulse of the underwater blast wave. The intestinal injury should be paid enough attention to.