接枝改性腈纶织物亲水性能的研究

Study on grafting modification of PAN fabrics for improving hydrophilic property

利用等离子体辐照引发聚丙烯腈纤维大分子,进行反相微乳液接枝聚合,在腈纶织物上接枝季胺盐类单体(F单体),以改善腈纶织物的亲水性能,借助红外光谱和扫描电镜对改性腈纶进行表征,探讨了改性腈纶织物的吸水性、回潮率、透气性及力学性能与其接枝率的关系。结果表明:F单体已接枝到腈纶织物上,接枝率和回潮率呈线性关系;当接枝率为20%左右时,回潮率达到约7%;当接枝率小于20%时,对腈纶织物透气性影响较小;随着接枝率的增加,腈纶织物的抗弯刚度减小,断裂强力和伸长有所增加。

For the purpose of improving the hydrophilic property, polyacrylonitrile （ PAN ） fabric was grafted with quaternary ammonium salt monomer （ F monomer） by initiating PAN macromolecule by plasma radiation prior to reversed phase micro emulsion grafting polymerization. The modified PAN fabric was characterized by IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The relationship between graft yield and hygroscopicity, moisture regain, air permeability and mechanical properties of the modified PAN fabric was discussed. The results showed that F monomer has been grafted on PAN fabric. The graft yield had a linear relationship with the moisture regain. The moisture regain was about 7% when the graft yield was about 20%. The air permeability of the PAN fabric was affected a little when the graft yield was below 20%. The flexural rigidity of the fabric was decreased and the breaking strength and elongation were increased in some degree with the increase of the graft yield.