苹果转基因研究进展

Advances in research of transgenic apples

近年来,苹果遗传转化研究取得了较大的进展,已有多种标记基因和目的基因成功转入苹果中并且得到稳定表达和遗传。农杆菌介导法是苹果上应用的主要转化方法,叶片再生不定芽途径是被广泛应用的受体系统。影响农杆菌介导成功与否的因素很多,文章从转化方法、叶片再生能力、菌株类型以及农杆菌侵染条件等方面综述了目前有关研究成果,指出目前依然存在转化效率不高、外源基因表达强度不够、对转化植株的选择不够重视等诸多问题。

A great progress in transgenic apples have been made in recent years. At present, many marker genes and target genes have been transformed into apples, and expressed stably in transformation receptor and progeny. Agrobacterium mediated transformation of leaves has been widely adopted in apples, and transgenic shoots have been mainly obtained from adventitious bud regeneration. There are many factors which could effect the success of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. This paper reviewed the latest achievements in transgenic methods, the regenerating ability of the leaves, Agrobacterium strains and infection conditions and so on. The current problems such as low transformation efficiency and expression and less emphasis on selection of transgenic shoots were discussed.