255例牙冠折裂的临床分析

Clinical analysis of 255 dental crown fracture

目的分析长期咀嚼过程中牙冠折裂的发生情况,并初步探讨冠折发生的相关因素。方法以2005年12月—2007年12月在兰州市第一人民医院口腔科就诊的255颗冠折牙为研究对象,对折裂牙的患者性别、年龄、牙位、折裂位置及形态等进行分析。结果255颗冠折牙中,1)上颌第一磨牙76颗(29.8%),下颌第一磨牙45颗(17.6%),上颌第二磨牙41颗(16.1%),下颌第二磨牙37颗(14.5%),上颌第二前磨牙32颗(12.5%),上颌第一前磨牙15颗(5.9%),下颌第二前磨牙9颗(3.5%);2)折裂位置与窝沟重叠者158颗(62.0%),发生于牙尖斜面者97颗(38.0%)。3)正常者85颗(33.3%),面形态异常者55颗(21.6%),型异常者115颗(45.1%)。结论牙位及形态等与牙冠折裂的发生具有一定的关系。力是牙冠折裂的基本因素,但不是唯一因素。

Objective To analyse dental crown fracture occurrence situation in the long-term mastication process, and discuss the correlation factor of crown fracture occurrence. Methods From December, 2005 to December, 2007, 255 crown fracture teeth were chosen as the object of study. The sex, age, teeth position, fracture position and occlusal state of patients were analyzed. Results In 255 teeth, 1）76 teeth （29.8%） were maxillary first molars, 45 teeth （17.6%） were mandibular first molars, 41 teeth（16.1%） were maxillary second molars, 37 teeth （14.5%） were mandibular second molars, 32 teeth （12.5%） were maxillary second premolars, 15 teeth （5.9%） were maxillary first premolars, 9 teeth（3.5%） were mandibular second premolars. 2）The fracture position of 158 teeth （62.0%） overlapped with pit and fissure. The fracture position of 97 teeth（38.0%） occurred in dental inclined surface. 3）The occlusal state of 85 patients （33.3%） was normal. The occlusal surface shape of 55 patients （21.6%） was unnormal. The occlusal shape of 115 patients（45.1%） was unnormal. Conclusion The teeth position and occlusal state has certain relations with occurrence of dental crown fracture. Occlusal force was the basic factor for dental crown fracture, but it was not the only one.