半纯合日粮法评定谷物淀粉在生长猪体内的消化率

Determination of in vivo Digestibilities of Four Cereal Starches in Growing Pigs by Semi-purified Diet Method

本文旨在研究小米、糯米、籼米和玉米4种不同谷物类饲料原料中淀粉(总淀粉、直链和支链淀粉、抗性和非抗性淀粉)含量及其在生长猪回肠末端和全消化道(粪)消化率。选择体重为(25±2.72)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交生长阉公猪16头,实施"T"型瘘管手术,随机分为4个处理(小米、玉米、糯米和籼米),每个处理4个重复,每个重复1头猪,分别直接饲喂小米、玉米、糯米和籼米单一日粮,试验期7 d。结果显示,在回肠末端和全消化道内,各日粮总淀粉的消化率分别是:小米组99.31%和99.88%,糯米组100%和100%,籼米组99.37%和100%,均显著高于玉米组98.26%和99.80%(P<0.05)。由结果得知,以上4种谷物淀粉因其回肠末端消化率高而具有较高的葡萄糖供给效率。

This study was conducted to determine starch contents and the digestibilities of terminal ileum and total digestive tract for four starch sources from millet, corn, stick rice and long-shaped rice in growing pigs. Sixteen crossed-bred （Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc） barrows with an average body weight （BW） of （25 ±2.72） kg were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments on the basis of BW and litter origin in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were millet group, corn group, stick rice group and long-shaped rice group, respectively. All pigs were surgically fitted with a simple T-cannula at the terminal ileum. The experiment lasted for 7 days. Results showed that the starch digestibilities of the terminal ileum and total digestive tract were 99.31% and 99.88% in millet group, 100% and 100% in stick rice group, 99.37% and 100% in the long-shaped rice group, which were all higher than 98.26% and 99.80% in the corn group （P〈 0.05）. These results indicated that the four cereal starches could supply pigs with more glucose in the terminal ileum because of their high digestibilities.