喀斯特石漠化成因分析

Analysis of different causes of karst rock desertification

根据广西凌云县2005年喀斯特石漠化监测数据对石漠化成因进行分析。结果表明,自然因素和不合理的人为因素均能引发土地石漠化。凌云县石漠化土地中由自然因素引发的占35.4%,人为因素引发的占64.6%。自然因素形成的石漠化程度以强度石漠化为主,占自然因素导致石漠化面积的66.5%;人为因素导致的石漠化也以强度石漠化为主,占人为因素导致石漠化面积的68.5%。人为因素导致的石漠化中,过度樵采占33.6%,过度放牧占23.5%,毁林开垦占18.3%。人为因素是凌云县石漠化形成的直接因素,应该控制不合理的人为干扰,调整地区产业结构,改变传统生活方式,开展以植被恢复为主的石漠化生态治理。

Base on the statistic data of karst rock desertification （KRD） land areas of Lingyun City, Guangxi Province, in 2005, KRD causes by different disturbances were analyzed. The results show that natural factors and unfit human disturbances were both able to cause land to KRD. In the KRD land of Lingyun City, the area proportion of natural factors was 35.4%, human disturbances was 65.6%. Natural factors mainly led to intense KRD, and 66.5% belong to intense KRD in the area caused by natural factors. Unfit human disturbances led to intense KRD too, intense KRD land area was 68.5% in the KRD area caused by human disturbances. Unfit human disturbances were the main cause in which led to KRD. Wood chopping, disafforestation and reclamation, grazing were the main disturbance, and their contributions were 33.6% , 23.5%, and 18.3% respectively. Unfit human disturbances should be controlled, region industry structure should be adjusted, traditional living model should be changed, vegetation restoration and ecological control should be developed.