肺血栓栓塞临床病理分析与护理

Clinical pathological analysis of pulmonary thrombus embolism patients and nursing care of them

[目的]探讨肺栓塞的临床特征及护理干预。[方法]分析1982年11月—2006年11月75例尸检诊断为肺血栓栓塞(PTE)的临床及病理资料。[结果]PTE原发疾病以心血管疾病及恶性肿瘤最常见,其次为肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、糖尿病、手术和创伤等。PTE临床表现不典型,多为呼吸困难突发或加重、晕厥、猝死和低氧血症等,误诊与临床医师对PTE的临床特点认识不足、警惕性低有关。[结论]应对可疑PTE的病人尽快行临床诊断评估,早期进行护理观察和干预。

Objective： To probe into the clinical characteristics and nursing in- tervention of patients with pulmonary thrombus embolism （PTE）. Method： Clinical and case history data of a total of 75 PTE patients diagnosed by autopsy from November in 1982 to November in 2006 had been analyzed. Result：The most common primary diseases of PTE were cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumor, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD）, diabetes mellitus （DM） ,operation and trauma were in next place. Clinical manifestation of PTE is atypical,most likely were such as suddenly dyspnea or aggravated,syncope, sudden death and hyoxemia. Misdiagnosis of PTE was related with lack of recognition and vigilance of clinical physicians toward the clinical characteristics of PTE. Conclusion： Doubtful PTE patients should assess the clinical diagnosis as soon as possible and early nursing intervention should be taken for them.