“从而”、“因而”的功能差异及其历时解释

The Functional Differences between "Cong'er" and "Yin'er"

"从而"、"因而"在语义、句法功能上存在差异,"因而"倾向于表达因果关系,"从而"倾向于表达目的关系;"从而"要求前后句法成分的行为主体一致,其后是动词性结构。"从而"、"因而"都是从跨层非短语结构词汇化为连词的,语境相似,不过"因而"受到了"因"等词语用推理的影响,随着语言使用的分工,"因而"在语义、句法上显现出与"从而"的诸多不同。

＂Cong＇ er＂is different from ＂yirt＇er＂ in semantic feature and syntax. Firstly,＂yin＇ er＂ trends to express the causal relation while ＂cong＇ er＂ expresses the proposal relation. Secondly, is that ＂cong＇ er＂ has the syntactic restriction to its governing elements that the subject must be identical and the behind element be verbal groups. Though ＂tong＇ er＂ and ＂yin＇ er＂ lexicalized in conjunctions from the cross-combinations with the similar context, ＂yin ~ er＂ has some differences from ＂cong＇ er＂ for it has been influcenced by ＂yin＂ and ＂yinci＂ in its lexicalized process.