住宅建筑南立面太阳能集热可能性分析

Analysis of the Possibility of Solar Collection in South Side of Residence

为了探讨住宅南立面太阳能集热的可能性,对我国不同太阳能辐照条件地区的4个典型城市利用住宅南立面太阳能集热量的计算,结果表明夏季南立面太阳辐射强度仅为水平面的一半,而在冬季却能达到水平面上的1.5倍;在南立面上,横置管和竖置管在冬季的能量收益相近,而在夏季横置管的能量收益是竖置管的2～3倍。初步分析还表明,尽管各地盈余量不同,但是按每户居民南立面可利用面积的80%计算,冬季南立面横置管的能量收益都能满足一般的生活热水需求,而且在寒冷季节尚有剩余的热量可用于辅助采暖;例如拉萨的月平均日能量盈余约为15kWh,北京约为10kWh,上海约为5kWh,但广州仅在11月和12月有10kWh的热量剩余;夏季除北京能满足一般的生活热水的能量需求外,拉萨地区6～7月平均每日需要7kWh的热量补充,上海地区5月和6月平均每日需要5kWh的热量补充,广州地区从3月到8月平均每日约需要5～6kWh的能量补充。

The solar energy is available renewable resources, but its application in building has been constrained by the location and the area of buildings. This article aims to explore the possibility of solar collection in south side of residence. The results as follows： in summer solar irradiance on south surface of residence is only half of the solar irradiance on the horizontal, but it is 1.5 times of solar irradiance in winter. In south, the horizontal tube and the vertical tube of solar collection gain energy similar in winter, but in summer the horizontal tube gains energy 2-3 times of the vertical tube gained. After primary analysis, in addition to meet the general needs of domestic hot water,energy that the horizontal tube gained in winter in south surface of residence can used to auxiliary heating, The surplus vary in different place, in winter surplus energy the tube gained in Lhasa is average 15 kWh a day, it is about 10 kWh in Beijing, it is about 5 kWh in Shanghai, in Guangzhou it is only 10 kWh energy surplus in November and December. in summer, besides in Beijing it can meet the general needs of domestic hot water energy, it need extra 7 kWh a day in June and July in Lhasa, and it needs extra 5kWh per day in Shanghai in May and June. it needed extra 5 kWh energy supply per day in Guangzhou from March to Auguest.