罚款对城市居民个人用水行为的影响

The Effect of Penalty on Civil Water Use

以城市居民用水两难情景为实验任务,探讨了处罚(罚款)对城市居民个人用水行为的影响。结果表明:相对只是对违规的个体进行处罚的方式,个体-群体其他成员处罚的方式更能约束人们的不良行为发生相对于现行水价标准,5.4元的超水高额处罚标准很可能是人们的一个心理接受节点,高于该金额的水费处罚标准人们可能将难以接受。

Taking the water resource dilemma as the experimental task, the current study is aimed to investigate and diseuss the effect of penalty on city dwellers＇ self- management of water use. The results indicated：different ways of penalty lead to different effects on people＇s decision-making. The way to punish the individual is more effective than the group punishment, and it can restrain people＇ s selfish behavior. Compared with the penalty for the individual, the individual-group penalty can restrain people＇s selfish behavior more effectively. Further, the higher the penalty, the more effective it will be. For the current water price, the penalty standard of 5.4 Yuan is very likely to be an acceptable node for people, whereas the penalty higher than 5.4 Yuan could be unacceptable.