水稻施用化肥的增产效应及其经济效益分析

ANALYSIS OF FERTILIZATION EFEECTS ON RICE YIELD AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

本文根据吉林省近年来水田肥料试验统计结果进行了分析,结果表明,水稻施用氮肥的增产效果显著。磷钾增产效果不稳定。如全省95点平均施N 7.7kg/亩,增产31.2％,1kgN增产水稻12.7kg;在氮肥基础上施P_2O_5 6.2kg/亩,增产6.4％,1kgP_2O_5增产水稻4.3kg;在氮磷肥基础上施K_2O 5.9kg/亩,增产5.9 ％,1kg K_2O增产水稻4.4kg。并对如何提高肥料经济效益进行了分析,提出,目前可通过采用养分平衡法及肥料效应函数法确定合理施肥量,分期施用于氮肥、磷钾肥缺素地块,改进耕作栽培技术等措施提高肥料经济效益。

The effects of fertilization on paddy soil were studied in the paper. The result showes that fertilizer N increased the rice yield evidently and the effects of P and K were unstable.The experiment with 95 sites in Jilin Province showed that N with applying; rate of 9.7kg/mu increased yield by 31.2%, 1kg N resulted in 12.7kg rice grain; P with applying rate of 6.2kg/mu increased yield by 6.4%, 1kg P205 resulted in 4.3 kg rice grain on the base of N application.Based upon the above conditions,rice yield increased 5.9% in 5.9kg ,K_(2)O per mu. The economic efficiency of fertilizers was also examined.The results also indicate that the economic efficiency of fertilizer could be realized by using the balanced nutrition ferlilizing program, fertilizing curve equation and new tillage technique.