大豆栽培种与半野生种杂交后代的遗传分析

THE INHERITANCE OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF SOYBEAN IN G.MAX×G.GRACILIS CROSSING

本文对4个栽培大豆与半野生大豆杂交组合后代进行了遗传分析。结果表明:除百粒重外,杂种F_1代各农艺性状优势表现普遍存在。F_2代性状分离广泛,类型丰富,出现了大量超亲植株。株高、主茎节数、百粒重、茎粗、一荚粒数遗传力较高。单株粒重、单株粒数、单株荚数、每节荚数遗传力居中,分枝数最低。各性状的遗传进度绝对值都比较大,选择效果明显。半野生大豆利用应予以重视。

In this study 4 cross combinations were made between semiwild soybeans (G.gracilis) and tie soybean cultivars (G.max).The results showed that all the characters of F_(1) with the exception of 100-seed weight, had obvious hecteosis. Separation of F_(2) was rather complicated. Many super plants were found.The heritability of plant hight, number of notes on main stem, 100-seed weight, main stem diameter,number of seeds per pod were higher, and the number of branches was low.The genetic advance of the agronomic characters was significant. Thus more attentions should be paid to the use of semiwild soybeans in soybean breeding.